In 2019 I had the pleasure of attending a lecture with Dr. Kim Johnson from Yarra Ranges Animal Hospital. I never managed to get around to writing up my notes from the lecture but COVID has been fantastic for providing time for all those things we never get around to. Kim gave a fantastic lecture on PPID (Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction) which is also known as Equine Cushings Disease.
The disease is caused by a benign growth in the the hypothalamus and results in an increase in ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic hormone) production. Any breed is able to get it buts itβs more commonly found in ponies and Morgan horses. Older horses (15yo+) are more regularly diagnosed as they show more symptoms but horses as young as 7yo have been diagnosed.
There are many symptoms and horses found to be positive can have any, all or none of them: Poor/patchy coat
Excessive drinking/urination
Muscle wastage/loss
Weight loss
Pot belly
Bulgy fat pads over eyes
Lethargic/docile
Vision loss/seizures/narcolepsy
Recurrent infections
Diarrhoea
As the symptoms progress Cushings is easily identifiable through a long hairy coat. Sometimes they can have excessive, unexplained sweating and often they have laminitis. Laminitis is nearly impossible to control if PPID is present and not treated. Often PPID and IR (insulin resistance) present together. Early testing and treatment is essential. Testing occurs through a blood test conducted by your vet. As with most things, consult your vet. A good relationship with all the professionals that work with your horse is important.
Cushings affects the immune system and as such there are numerous ways that you can ensure these horses are kept as comfortable as possible. Treatment doesnβt 100% reduce the clinical signs but significantly reduces the severity. Tailored feed- taking into account any issues with laminitis, weight loss or weight gains
Dental care
Regular exercise
Deworming- including regular fecal egg counts
Farrier care
Hair and coat care including clipping in warmer months